Simulation is stuck during setup (calculix adapter)

This looks like the communication cannot be established. This can have many reasons, some of which are summarized here:

You could build preCICE with Debug log -DPRECICE_RELEASE_WITH_DEBUG_LOG=ON to narrow the search further down.

Also, please use <m2n:sockets> to ensure there is nothing strange going on with MPI.

Best
Frédéric